On the Continent

What's working in European tech. Curated daily.

Batteries / Energy Storage

Emerging Alternatives

Overview

Battery cell manufacturing is dominated by CATL and BYD (China), LG Energy (South Korea), and Panasonic (Japan). Europe imports most EV battery cells despite being the world's second-largest EV market. Multiple European gigafactories are under construction but the continent is behind its 2030 capacity targets.

Northvolt, once Europe's battery champion, faced financial difficulties in 2024-2025, highlighting the challenge of competing with Asian manufacturers' scale and cost advantages.

Why EU Sovereignty Matters

Batteries are the critical component in the transition to electric vehicles and renewable energy storage. If Europe can build cars but not the batteries that power them, its automotive industry — employing 13 million people — remains dependent on Asian supply chains. Battery sovereignty is essential for both the green transition and industrial competitiveness.

Key European Players

Corporate

Franco-German-Italian battery joint venture backed by Stellantis, Mercedes-Benz, and TotalEnergies. Building gigafactories in France, Germany, and Italy.

Startup

FREYR Battery NO public

Norwegian battery cell manufacturer developing clean energy-powered gigafactories for next-generation battery cells.

Northvolt SE series-b

Swedish battery manufacturer, Europe's most prominent battery startup. Operational gigafactory in Skellefteå. Faced financial restructuring in late 2024 but continues operations.

Initiative

EU Battery Regulation EU

2023 regulation requiring carbon footprint declarations, recycled content minimums, and due diligence across the entire battery value chain.

Key Facts

Capacity gap
Behind 2030 targets
EU Battery Regulation
2023 (lifecycle requirements)
Planned gigafactories
30+ across Europe
EU cell production share
<10% global

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